The College's goal is to cultivate high-quality teachers and researchers in mathematics and science for a more educated workforce. To meet a multipurpose of developing science and teacher education , the College strives to enhance academic research, teaching effectiveness, and educational services.

The history of the College can be tracked back to the predecessor College of Science Education (founded in 1989 ). In 1993 ,it was officially renamed the College of Science.
The current dean is Professor Chung-Yuan Ren.
The past deams have been:
1993 - 1995 Dr. Liu Xian
1995 - 1998 Dr. Xiao Longsheng
1998 - 2001 Dr. Lian Kunde
2001 - 2004 Dr. Lin Huanxiang
2004 - 2007 Dr. Zhou Jinyang
2007 - 2010 Dr. Liao Benhuang
2010 - 2013 Dr. He Mingzong
2013 - 2016 Dr. Liu Jiaru
2016 - 2019 Dr. He Mingzong
2019 - 2025 Dr. Hong Zhenfang

The College encompasses several departments, including mathematics (bachelor, master's program), chemistry (bachelor, master), physics (bachelor, master, doctoral), and biotechnology (bachelor, master), along with the Graduate Institute of Science Education and Environmental Education (master, doctoral). It also offers the Master's Program in Environmental and Creative Industries.

Each department or institute in the College is comprehensively organized based on their unique characteristics, social needs, and future development, emphasizing both theory and practice. Based on national teacher training policies, the College, as its name change proponents envisioned, will be one in which faculty research, teaching, and public service work together as complementary institutional strengths to become the premier undergraduate institution. We encourage faculty members to participate research projects and regularly hold various academic seminars and special lectures, and eventually to publish papers in international famous journals.

The college currently has 49 full-time faculty members, all of whom hold doctoral degrees from renowned universities both domestically and internationally.

The college will leverage the environmental resources of the southern region of Taiwan to strengthen industry-university collaboration and create more employment opportunities for students. The Department of Mathematics adopts a group admissions approach, focusing on both fundamental and applied disciplines. The Department of Chemistry, in line with regional industry characteristics, plans to focus on materials chemistry and chemical forensics. The Department of Physics concentrates on nonlinear physics and optoelectronic applications. The Department of Biotechnology focuses on plant, animal, and environmental issues.

The Institute of Science Education and Environmental Education, responding to the pulse of science, technology, and society, develops research characteristics related to science and the environment. In recent years, we have succeeded in pursuit of a mission to contribute to society through excellence of education, learning and research. The College hopes to integrate cooperation in a broader sense of science and educational science fields, and is committed to fullfilling its university social responsibility.